Carvedilol and rosuvastatin mitigate nephrotoxicity of sodium valproate through activation of Nrf2 pathway in rats.

Document Type : Original research articles

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA),formerly NODCAR,Giza, Egypt.

2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Sodium valproate, one of the most widely used antiepileptic drugs, has been noted to induce nephrotoxicity through elevation of oxidative stress. Carvedilol, a non-specific beta-adrenergic blocker, and rosuvastatin, an anti-hyperlipidemic, possess antioxidant characteristics. This study was planned to estimate the promising defensive impacts of Carvedilol and/or rosuvastatin against valproate‐induced nephrotoxicity. It was revealed that sodium valproate (SVP) markedly boosted serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Moreover, glutathione level (GSH) was decreased with a concomitant elevation in renal malondialdehyde level (MDA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities (iNOS). After SVP treatment, there were significant elevations in renal tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF-𝛼) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB). Additionally, SVP‐induced suppression of nuclear related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways. Furthermore, histopathological examination showed prodigious inflammation, necrosis, congestion and degeneration. Coadministration of Carvedilol and/or rosuvastatin mitigated nephrotoxicity induced by SVP. Using the combination of Carvedilol and rosuvastatin presented additional intense renal protective effect when compared with each alone.

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Azhar International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences
Volume 1, Issue 3
The articles belongs to the special issue selected papers from Azhar 2nd International Conference of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences (2021)
November 2021
Pages 9-20

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